Lists worth a scroll

The root zone sliced different ways — by story, by age, by industry.

Domain hacks: country codes the internet adopted

Some two-letter country codes became famous for what they spell, not where they are. Here is every ccTLD that picked up a second meaning, and the country that still owns it.

Brand TLD list: every dotBrand in the root zone

Companies like Google, BMW and Canon run their own top-level domains under ICANN's Specification 13. Nobody else can register names in them. Here is the full list, with launch dates.

IDN TLDs: domain endings beyond A–Z

Top-level domains written in Cyrillic, Arabic, Chinese, Devanagari and more. Each one is stored in DNS as an "xn--" code, but users see their own script.

The oldest TLDs on the internet

The original 1985 domains, the late-1980s additions and every gTLD sorted by the day it entered the root zone.

Newest TLDs added to the root zone

The most recently delegated generic TLDs, from ICANN's registry data, newest first.

The TLD graveyard

Country codes for nations that no longer exist, brand TLDs their owners gave back, and test strings from the early IDN days. Every retired top-level domain IANA still lists.

Special-use & reserved TLDs

Names like .local, .onion, .test and .internal look like TLDs but never resolve on the public internet. Here is what each one is reserved for.

Which TLDs are not DNSSEC-signed?

Active top-level domains whose delegation in the root zone has no DS record, according to IANA.

Weird, funny and unusual domain extensions

Yes, .pizza, .horse and .wtf are all real top-level domains. A tour of the strangest endings ICANN ever approved — every one of them live in the root zone today.