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Data & methodology

The current build is based on Version 2026102000, Last Updated Tue Oct 20 07:07:01 2026 UTC and ICANN registry data updated 2026-10-20. It covers 1,437 active TLDs and 1,454 pages in total.

Sources

  • IANA Root Zone Database (JSON) — the authoritative list of TLDs with type, status, manager, name servers, DS records, WHOIS and RDAP servers, delegation and revocation events. IANA is the operator of the DNS root zone.
  • tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt — gives the root zone version we cite on every page.
  • ICANN gTLD registry data — registry operator, contract and delegation dates, and the Specification 13 flag we use to identify brand TLDs.
  • IANA RDAP bootstrap file (RFC 9224) — fills in RDAP servers where the root database has none (1,203 active TLDs have one).
  • mledoze/countries — capitals, regions, languages, currencies and borders for ccTLD pages. Licensed under the Open Database License (ODbL) 1.0.
  • flag-icons — SVG flags (MIT). We use SVGs because emoji flags don't render on Windows.
  • TLD logos for generic TLDs come from Atak Domain's public TLD artwork. We self-host a cleaned copy (no scripts or external references) and skip very large files.
  • Natural Earth 1:110m country boundaries (public domain), via world-atlas, draw the 3D globe. Places too small for that scale are plotted as points at their geographic center.

How fields are derived

  • DNSSEC-signed means the root zone holds at least one DS record for the TLD.
  • Name servers and IPv6 counts come from the TLD's delegation in the root zone.
  • Delegated dates come from ICANN for gTLDs and from IANA's delegation events otherwise. Many older ccTLDs have no recorded date, so we leave it blank rather than guess.
  • Country is the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code behind the ccTLD (with the usual exceptions: .uk for GB, .ac, .eu and .su).
  • Brand TLD means ICANN's data marks the registry agreement with Specification 13.
  • Topic tags ("Tech", "Finance"…) and domain hacks are our own editorial labels; IANA doesn't classify TLDs by topic.
  • Last changed on a page is the later of IANA's last update to the record and our own last edit — never the build date.

How the text is written

Every TLD page has a data section written from the dataset by templates: each sentence states something the sources above contain, and nothing is filled in when the data is missing. Selected TLDs also have an editorial note; those are drafted with AI assistance and checked against the sources listed on the page before they go live. If you spot an error, tell us.

Links to our sister services

tldplay is run by the team behind Atak Domain, Domain Name API and Whois.com.tr. When one of them has a page for a TLD — registration, WHOIS lookup or reseller pricing — the TLD page links to it, and the box says so. We read their public sitemaps at build time, so we only link to pages that exist. Which services offer a TLD never changes the facts, the topic tags or the editorial verdicts.

Indexing

1,083 of 1,454 pages are open to search engines. Brand TLDs and unused country codes without an editorial note stay noindex — they're still here for visitors, but they don't add enough beyond the IANA record to deserve a search result yet.

Refresh schedule

We rebuild the site from fresh downloads of every source regularly. The root zone version on each page tells you exactly which snapshot you're looking at.